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Geography · Grade 9

Population, Migration and Settlement

Learners apply three classic models to real and illustrative data. They track a country through the demographic transition from birth- and death-rate series, test Ravenstein's 'laws' and Lee's model against migration evidence such as China's vast internal migration, and use central place theory — threshold, range and Christaller's hexagons — to explain settlement hierarchies. They finish by measuring settlement patterns with the nearest-neighbour index.

  • 4 lessons
  • About 115 minutes
  • Population, migration and settlement models check: 10 questions
  • Ways to answer: choose an answer, pick map regions, match pairs, type a number, put in order and sort into groups
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What learners will discover

  • Use birth- and death-rate time series to identify demographic transition stages and explain population momentum.
  • Apply Ravenstein's laws and Lee's model to explain migration flows, including step, chain, circular and return migration.
  • Explain settlement hierarchies with central place theory (threshold, range, order of goods) and evaluate its assumptions.
  • Measure and interpret settlement patterns using the nearest-neighbour index.

Lessons

  1. The demographic transition in data 6 steps4 practiceabout 28 min
  2. Models of migration 6 steps4 practiceabout 29 min
  3. Central place theory 6 steps4 practiceabout 29 min
  4. Measuring settlement patterns 6 steps3 practiceabout 29 min
  5. Population, migration and settlement models check 10 questions at the end

Keep exploring

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Guide for grown-ups