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Science · Grade 10

Bonding and Molecular Structure

Learners explain why atoms bond: by transferring electrons to form ions, or by sharing pairs of electrons. They write formulas for ionic compounds, build Lewis structures, predict molecular shapes and polarity, and then use bonding and intermolecular forces to explain melting points, boiling points and electrical conductivity, including the unusual behaviour of water.

  • 4 lessons
  • About 115 minutes
  • Bonding and structure check: 10 questions
  • Ways to answer: fill in the blanks, choose an answer, match pairs, type a number, put in order and sort into groups
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What learners will discover

  • Explain ionic bonding as electron transfer forming a lattice of ions, and write formulas of ionic compounds from ion charges, including polyatomic ions.
  • Explain covalent bonding as shared electron pairs and construct Lewis structures, including double and triple bonds.
  • Predict molecular shape with electron-pair repulsion and decide whether a molecule is polar from bond polarity and symmetry.
  • Explain physical properties such as melting point, boiling point and conductivity from bonding type and intermolecular forces.

Lessons

  1. Ionic bonding and ionic formulas 6 steps4 practiceabout 28 min
  2. Covalent bonds and Lewis structures 7 steps4 practiceabout 28 min
  3. Shape and polarity 6 steps4 practiceabout 28 min
  4. Structure explains properties 7 steps4 practiceabout 31 min
  5. Bonding and structure check 10 questions at the end

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