Landmark South America
Colón Theater
The Colón Theater is in Buenos Aires, Argentina. People go there to watch operas, ballets and concerts!
The Colón Theater (Teatro Colón) is an opera house in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The building took about 20 years to build and opened on 25 May 1908 with the opera Aida. Its horseshoe-shaped hall has 2,478 seats.
The Teatro Colón in Buenos Aires opened its present building on 25 May 1908 with a performance of Aida, after about 20 years of construction begun under the architect Francesco Tamburini. Its horseshoe hall seats 2,478, with room for about 500 more standing, and the theater describes its acoustics as recognized worldwide as among the most perfect.
Photo: EEJCC, CC0 1.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Discover the Colón Theater
The Colón Theater is in Buenos Aires, a city in Argentina.
Inside, singers, dancers and musicians perform on a stage.
The Colón Theater, called Teatro Colón in Spanish, is an opera house in Buenos Aires, a city in Argentina. It puts on operas, ballets and concerts.
The theater calls itself one of the most important opera houses in the world, and it has its own orchestra, ballet company and chorus.
The Teatro Colón stands at Cerrito 628 in Buenos Aires. The theater describes itself as one of the most important opera houses in the world, placing it alongside La Scala, the Paris Opera, the Vienna State Opera, Covent Garden and the Metropolitan Opera for its history and for the acoustic and architectural qualities of its building.
Since 1925 it has had its own permanent orchestra, ballet and chorus and its own production workshops, so it can create entire productions itself.
- Where
- Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Opened
- 25 May 1908
- Seats
- 2,478
- First performance
- Aida
Twenty years of building
The first stone of the building was laid in 1890.
It opened in 1908 with an opera called Aida.
The first Teatro Colón opened in 1857 and closed in 1888 so a new hall could be built. The first stone of the new building was laid on 25 May 1890.
The architect Francesco Tamburini designed it. After he died in 1891, his partner Víctor Meano carried on, and later the Belgian architect Jules Dormal finished the work. The new theater opened on 25 May 1908 with the opera Aida.
The first Teatro Colón ran from 1857 to 1888, when it closed for the construction of a new hall. The foundation stone was laid on 25 May 1890; the plan was to open before 12 October 1892. Francesco Tamburini drew the first design; after his death in 1891 his partner Víctor Meano, also the architect of the National Congress building, continued and changed it. Work went on until 1894, then stalled for financial reasons.
In 1904, after Meano's death, the government commissioned the Belgian Jules Dormal, who made structural changes and stamped the decoration with a French style. The first performance took place on 25 May 1908, by the Gran Compañía Lírica Italiana, while parts such as the Salón Dorado were still unfinished.
A horseshoe of seats
The main hall is shaped like a horseshoe.
The stage has a round part that can turn, so scenes can change fast.
The main hall is shaped like a horseshoe, with boxes for the audience rising up to the third floor. It has 2,478 seats, and about 500 more people can watch standing.
The stage is 35.25 meters wide and 34.50 meters deep. A round platform 20.30 meters across can turn either way to change scenes quickly.
The horseshoe-shaped main hall follows the strict rules of classical Italian and French theaters. Its horseshoe is 29.25 m across at the narrower diameter and 32.65 m at the wider one, and 28 m high, with boxes up to the third floor. The dome's 318 square meters once held paintings by Marcel Jambon; they deteriorated in the 1930s, and the Argentine painter Raúl Soldi repainted the dome, unveiled in 1966.
The stage slopes 3 cm per meter and is 35.25 m wide, 34.50 m deep and 48 m high, with an electric turntable 20.30 m across. The orchestra pit holds 120 musicians and has a resonance chamber and special curves that reflect sound.
Stars on the stage
Many important singers and dancers have performed here.
The theater has its own orchestra, dancers and singers too.
The theater's history names many performers who have appeared on its stage, such as the singers Enrico Caruso, Maria Callas and Luciano Pavarotti, and the dancers Vaslav Nijinsky, Margot Fonteyn and Rudolf Nureyev.
Composers such as Richard Strauss and Camille Saint-Saëns came here to conduct or oversee the premieres of their own works.
The theater's own history names singers from Enrico Caruso and Maria Callas to Plácido Domingo and Luciano Pavarotti, dancers including Vaslav Nijinsky, Margot Fonteyn and Rudolf Nureyev, and conductors such as Arturo Toscanini and Herbert von Karajan. Following a tradition begun by Richard Strauss, Camille Saint-Saëns, Pietro Mascagni and Ottorino Respighi, composers often come to conduct or supervise the premieres of their own works.
Its scenery and machinery workshops under Plaza Vaticano opened on 17 February 1938, and a second expansion under the plaza and Cerrito Street followed in 1968 to 1972.
- Standing places
- about 500
- Stage
- 35.25 × 34.50 m
- Orchestra pit
- 120 musicians
- Own orchestra, ballet, chorus
- since 1925
The front of the theater
In this photo, the theater has tall windows, columns and a pointed top.
People walk on the square in front of it, next to green grass.
This photo of the main front was taken on 1 January 2024. You can see rows of arched windows, pairs of columns, carved panels and a glass canopy over the entrance, with a lawn and people in front.
The theater says that from 2010 it has shown its building restored to its original splendor.
The photograph (1 January 2024, by EEJCC, released into the public domain) shows the main facade: a central triangular pediment, carved relief panels, tall arched windows with balconies, paired columns on the side sections and a glass canopy over the entrance, seen across a lawn with a few passers-by.
In 2000 the city government asked its infrastructure department to draw up a master plan to restore the building and update the stage machinery; since 2010, the theater says, the restored building has been on show in its original splendor.
Amazing facts
-
Part of the stage is a round platform that can turn around!
The stage has a turning platform 20.30 meters across that can spin either way to change scenes quickly.
The stage has an electrically driven turntable 20.30 m in diameter that can rotate in either direction for fast scene changes.
-
The theater opened before it was quite finished!
On opening night in 1908, some parts of the building, such as the Salón Dorado, were still not finished.
When the Gran Compañía Lírica Italiana gave the first performance on 25 May 1908, the Salón Dorado and the iron canopies over Libertad and Cerrito streets were still unfinished.
-
An artist painted new pictures on the dome inside the hall!
The Argentine painter Raúl Soldi repainted the dome of the hall; his work was unveiled in 1966.
Marcel Jambon's original dome paintings deteriorated in the 1930s; in the 1960s Raúl Soldi was commissioned to repaint the 318-square-meter dome, unveiled in 1966.
Words to know
- opera
- a play in which the story is sung, with an orchestra playing
- ballet
- a kind of dance that tells a story with music
- opera house
- a theater built for operas, ballets and concerts
- acoustics
- how sound travels and is heard in a room
- orchestra pit
- a sunken space in front of the stage where the musicians play
- pediment
- a triangular part on top of the front of a building
Discovery challenge
-
In which country is the Colón Theater?
The Colón Theater is in Buenos Aires, in which country?
The Teatro Colón stands in the capital of which country?
- Argentina
- Austria
- Australia
Show the answer
Argentina
Argentina!
Argentina.
Argentina.
-
Which opera was played on the theater's first night?
Which opera opened the new theater on 25 May 1908?
With which opera was the new Teatro Colón inaugurated in 1908?
- Aida
- Carmen
- Tosca
Show the answer
Aida
Aida!
Aida.
Aida.
-
What shape is the main hall?
What shape is the theater's main hall?
Which plan does the main hall follow, in the classical Italian and French tradition?
- A horseshoe
- A square
- A triangle
Show the answer
A horseshoe
A horseshoe!
A horseshoe.
A horseshoe.
-
How many seats does the hall have?
How many seats are in the main hall?
What is the seated capacity of the main hall?
- 2,478
- 247
- 24,780
Show the answer
2,478
2,478 seats!
2,478 seats.
2,478, plus about 500 standing.
-
In which year did the theater open?
In which year did the new Colón Theater open?
In which year was the present Teatro Colón inaugurated?
- 1908
- 1857
- 1966
Show the answer
1908
1908!
1908.
1908, on 25 May.
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For parents & teachers
What children will learn
- Explain what an opera house is for.
- Describe how a hall's shape and materials can help sound.
- Explain why a big building can take many years and several architects to finish.
Recommended ages: 4 to 17 · About 15 minutes
Talk about it
- Why might a theater want its own orchestra, dancers and workshops?
- How could a turning stage help a show?
- Why do you think the hall is shaped like a horseshoe?
Try at home or in class
- Listen to a short part of the opera Aida and talk about how the music makes you feel.
- Cut a horseshoe shape from paper and draw rows of seats and boxes around a stage.
Key vocabulary: opera, ballet, opera house, acoustics, orchestra pit, pediment
Where these facts come from
- Wikidata , Wikimedia Foundation (CC0 1.0)
- El Teatro Colón , Teatro Colón
- File:Fachada del Teatro Colón en Buenos Aires, Argentina.jpg , Wikimedia Commons
- Wikimedia Commons , Wikimedia Foundation (Per file (public domain, CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA); see each media record)
Checked, not yet human-reviewed. Last updated November 1, 2026. Spotted a mistake? Tell us.