City Australia and Oceania
Alofi
Alofi is a tiny town on Niue, an island in the Pacific Ocean. It is by the sea!
Alofi is the capital of Niue, a raised coral island in the Pacific Ocean. It is made up of two villages, Alofi North and Alofi South, by Alofi Bay. A census in 2022 counted 606 people in Alofi.
Alofi, capital of Niue (Wikidata), a raised coral island of about 260 km² in the central Pacific (Universalis), had 606 usual residents in Alofi North and Alofi South at the provisional census of 11 November 2022 (City Population, from Niue Statistics). Like Niue's other villages, it lies on the road that runs around the island.
Photo: Pseudopanax at English Wikipedia, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Discover Alofi
Alofi is a small town on Niue, an island in the Pacific Ocean.
It is beside a bay of blue sea.
Alofi is the capital of Niue, an island in the Pacific Ocean. Universalis says Niue is a raised coral island of about 260 square kilometers, a wide limestone plateau with cliffs dropping to a narrow strip of coast.
Alofi is made up of two villages, Alofi North and Alofi South, by Alofi Bay. The 2022 census counted 606 people there, out of 1,689 on the whole island.
Wikidata (Q30966): capital of Niue. Universalis 'NIUE' (Alain Huetz de Lemps): an island of Oceania at about 19° S in the central Pacific; 260 km², as large as all the Cook Islands together; a raised coral island forming a wide saucer-shaped plateau of coral limestone 50 to 65 meters high; at the foot of the cliff a narrow coastal strip edged with fringing reefs; 1,689 inhabitants in 2022, living in villages along the ring road. City Population (Niue Statistics / PRISM): Alofi (incl. Alofi South, Alofi North) 978 (1981 census), 581 (2006), 614 (2011), 597 (2017), 606 (11 November 2022, provisional); from 2011 the figures count usual residents.
- Island
- Niue, a raised coral island of about 260 km² in the central Pacific (Universalis)
- People in Alofi North and Alofi South (census 2022, provisional)
- 606
- People on all of Niue (census 2022)
- 1,689 (Universalis, City Population)
- Bay
- Alofi Bay, about 0.8 km north-northwest of the town's point (Wikidata)
Shade trees, a museum and a bay
Look at the two big shady trees and the bright, colorful buildings!
The sky is blue, and the road is quiet.
The photographer, the English Wikipedia user Pseudopanax, took this photo on 10 June 2025 and describes it as Alofi's town center, the Commercial Centre, and the main street in the late afternoon. Two big trees spread their branches over a green lawn in front of a row of low, brightly painted buildings, with palm trees, a blue sky and a quiet road.
On Wikidata, the Tāoga Niue Museum, Niue's national museum and cultural center, is about 0.4 kilometers north of the town's point, and Niue High School about 1.3 kilometers east.
Commons: 'Alofi town center (Commercial Centre)', own work by Pseudopanax at English Wikipedia, released into the public domain (PD-self); dated 10 June 2025; his description 'Alofi town center (Commercial Centre) and main street late afternoon'; camera point 19.0544° S, 169.9204° W, 0.19 km NNE of the town's Wikidata point. Wikidata, from the town point (Q30966): Tāoga Niue Museum (Q108471226), 'national museum and cultural centre in Alofi', inception 2018, 0.42 km N; Alofi Bay (Q1017224) 0.79 km NNW; Niue High School (Q28183071) 1.25 km E.
- In the photo
- 'Alofi town center (Commercial Centre) and main street late afternoon', 10 June 2025 (the photographer's description)
- Tāoga Niue Museum
- Niue's national museum and cultural center, about 0.4 km north of the town's point (Wikidata)
- Niue High School
- about 1.3 km east of the town's point (Wikidata)
A small island town
Long ago, more people lived on Niue.
Many moved to New Zealand, and now more visitors come to see the island.
Universalis says Cook reached Niue in 1774. Most of the island's people are of Polynesian origin.
Many people have moved away from Niue over the years, most of them to New Zealand, says Universalis. The census counted 978 people in Alofi in 1981 and 606 in 2022. Tourism has been growing since the last quarter of the 20th century.
Universalis: the island was reached ('découverte') by Cook in 1774; 90 percent of the population is of Polynesian origin; strong emigration, most emigrants settling in New Zealand; tourism developing since the last quarter of the 20th century. City Population (censuses): Niue 3,281 (1981), 2,531 (1986), 2,239 (1991), 2,088 (1997), 1,788 (2001), 1,625 (2006), 1,607 (2011), 1,784 (2017), 1,689 (2022, provisional); Alofi 978 (1981), 811 (1986), 682 (1991), 732 (1997), 614 (2001), 581 (2006), 614 (2011), 597 (2017), 606 (2022). No opened source gives a founding date for Alofi.
- 1774
- the explorer James Cook reached Niue (Universalis says 'Cook')
- Alofi's people, 1981 and 2022
- 978 and 606 (City Population, from the censuses)
- Tourism
- growing since the last quarter of the 20th century (Universalis)
One road around the island
A road goes all the way around the island, and Alofi is on it.
Airplanes land at an airport just south of the town.
Universalis says the people of Niue live in villages along the road that runs around the island, and Alofi is one of them.
On Wikidata, Niue International Airport is about 2.7 kilometers south of Alofi's point. Fishing boats can go out to the open sea only in calm weather, says Universalis.
Universalis: the population lives in villages along the ring road ('route périphérique'); fishing on the open sea is practicable only in calm weather; a narrow coastal strip lies at the foot of the cliff, edged by fringing reefs. Wikidata: Niue International Airport (Q1150665) 2.71 km S of the town point; Alofi Bay (Q1017224) 0.79 km NNW.
- Ring road
- Niue's villages lie along the road that circles the island (Universalis)
- Niue International Airport
- about 2.7 km south of the town's point (Wikidata)
- Sea
- deep-sea fishing is possible only in calm weather (Universalis)
Rainy, but no rivers
Lots of rain falls on Niue, but the island has no rivers!
People collect water in tanks and wells.
Universalis says rain is plentiful on Niue, about 2 meters a year. Yet the island has no springs and no rivers. People get their water from wells and tanks.
Universalis also calls Niue's climate unpredictable and its soil poor. Food crops and coconut palms grow mostly along the coast.
Universalis: although rain is abundant (2 m a year), there is neither spring nor river, and the population must be supplied with water by wells and tanks; the soil is poor and the climate unpredictable.
- Rain
- plentiful: about 2 meters a year (Universalis)
- Water
- no springs or rivers; water comes from wells and tanks (Universalis)
- Weather
- unpredictable (Universalis)
Taro, coconuts and honey
People on Niue grow taro, yams and bananas.
Bees make honey there, and some of it is sent to other countries!
Universalis says people on Niue grow food crops such as taro, yams, cassava and bananas, and plant coconut palms, mostly along the coast. Beekeeping has grown, and honey has become an export, along with taro, coconut and vanilla, though exports are very small.
Inland, about 3,200 hectares of thick forest are used by a small timber industry.
Universalis: poor soil and limited resources; food crops (taro, yam, cassava, bananas) and coconut plantations mostly on the coastal strip; beehives have spread and honey has become an export product with taro, coconut and vanilla, though exports remain very limited; inland, 3,200 ha of dense forest are worked by a small timber industry; tourism growing since the last quarter of the 20th century.
- Food crops
- taro, yams, cassava and bananas, mostly along the coast (Universalis)
- Exports
- honey, taro, coconut and vanilla, in small amounts (Universalis)
- Forest
- 3,200 hectares of dense forest inland, used by a small timber industry (Universalis)
Alofi on the map
Find the big Pacific Ocean on the globe. Niue is a small island in the middle of it, and Alofi is on its west side.
Alofi lies at about 19.06° south and 169.92° west, on the coast of Niue, by Alofi Bay.
Niue is a single island at about 19° south in the central Pacific, says Universalis. On Wikidata, the island's airport is about 2.7 kilometers south of Alofi's point.
Alofi lies at about 19.06° S, 169.92° W (Wikidata point of Alofi, Q30966; the sheet point is 1.36 km SE of it). Universalis: Niue at about 19° S in the central Pacific, 260 km². Wikidata from the town point: Alofi Bay 0.79 km NNW; Niue International Airport 2.71 km S.
- Latitude
- about 19.06° south
- Longitude
- about 169.92° west
- Niue
- at about 19° south in the central Pacific (Universalis)
Amazing facts
-
Niue gets lots of rain, but it has no rivers at all!
Universalis says about 2 meters of rain fall on Niue each year, yet the coral island has no springs or rivers, so people use wells and tanks.
Universalis: abundant rain (2 m a year) but neither spring nor river; water from wells and tanks.
-
Honey from Niue's bees is sent to other countries!
Universalis says beekeeping has grown on Niue and honey has become one of its exports, with taro, coconut and vanilla.
Universalis: beehives have spread and honey has become an export product, with taro, coconut and vanilla.
-
Niue is about as big as all the Cook Islands put together!
Universalis says Niue covers about 260 square kilometers, as much as all the Cook Islands together.
Universalis: 260 km², 'autant que l'ensemble des îles Cook'.
Words to know
- coral
- a hard material built up in the sea by tiny animals over a very long time
- limestone
- a rock that can form from old coral and shells
- plateau
- a wide, flat area of high land
- reef
- a ridge of coral or rock just under the surface of the sea
- taro
- a plant with a starchy root that people cook and eat
- census
- an official count of all the people living in a place
Discovery challenge
-
Alofi is a town on which island?
Alofi is the capital of which Pacific island?
Alofi is the capital of which raised coral island of about 260 km²?
- Niue
- Iceland
- Madagascar
Show the answer
Niue
Niue!
Niue.
Niue.
-
Where do people on Niue get their water?
Niue has no rivers. Where does its water come from, says Universalis?
With neither spring nor river, how is Niue supplied with water?
- Wells and tanks
- A big river
- Melting glaciers
Show the answer
Wells and tanks
Wells and tanks!
Wells and tanks.
Wells and tanks (Universalis).
-
Which sweet food made by bees does Niue send abroad?
Which bee product has become one of Niue's exports?
Which product of beekeeping does Universalis list among Niue's exports?
- Honey
- Chocolate
- Maple syrup
Show the answer
Honey
Honey!
Honey.
Honey.
-
Which two villages make up Alofi?
Alofi is made up of which two villages?
Which two villages does City Population count together as Alofi?
- Alofi North and Alofi South
- Alofi East and Alofi West
- Upper Alofi and Lower Alofi
Show the answer
Alofi North and Alofi South
Alofi North and Alofi South!
Alofi North and Alofi South.
Alofi North and Alofi South.
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For parents & teachers
What children will learn
- Locate Alofi on the island of Niue in the Pacific Ocean.
- Explain how a raised coral island can have rain but no rivers.
- Describe what people grow and sell on a small island.
- Compare census counts to see how a small population changes.
Recommended ages: 3 to 17 · About 15 minutes
Talk about it
- Why might a coral island have no rivers even when it rains a lot?
- What would you miss, and what would you enjoy, in a town of about 600 people?
- Why might people move away from a small island?
Try at home or in class
- Rain tank: put a cup outside during rain and measure how much water it collects.
- Population line: plot Alofi's census counts from 1981 to 2022 on a line graph.
- Honey tasting: with a grown-up, compare two kinds of honey and describe the difference.
Key vocabulary: coral, limestone, plateau, reef, taro, census
Where these facts come from
- Wikidata , Wikimedia Foundation (CC0 1.0)
- Natural Earth vector data , Natural Earth (NACIS) (Public domain)
- NIUE , Encyclopædia Universalis
- Niue: island and villages, census 1981 to 2022 (from Niue Statistics) , City Population (Thomas Brinkhoff)
- File:Alofi town center (Commercial Centre).jpg (Pseudopanax) , Wikimedia Commons
- Wikimedia Commons , Wikimedia Foundation (Per file (public domain, CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA); see each media record)
Checked, not yet human-reviewed. Last updated November 1, 2026. Spotted a mistake? Tell us.
Picture credits
- Photo: Pseudopanax at English Wikipedia, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons · source