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The Water Fountain Garden, Naypyidaw

City Asia

Naypyidaw

Naypyidaw is the capital of Myanmar. It is a very new city. It was built in the 2000s, in the middle of the country.

Naypyidaw is the capital of Myanmar, in a wide basin in the center of the country. It is a new city: building work began in 2004 near the town of Pyinmana, and it was proclaimed the capital in March 2006. At the 2024 census, Naypyidaw, together with Pyinmana and Lewe, had 358,679 people.

Naypyidaw (Nay Pyi Taw), Myanmar's capital since March 2006, was built from 2004 on an isolated site near Pyinmana, about 320 km north of Yangon, as the country's new administrative center. The census count for the city with Pyinmana and Lewe was 333,506 in 2014 and 358,679 in 2024; it is linked to Yangon by road and by rail through Pyinmana station.

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Photo: Hybernator, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Discover Naypyidaw

Naypyidaw is the capital of Myanmar. It is in the middle of the country.

It is a very new city. Builders started it in 2004.

Naypyidaw is the capital of Myanmar, Universalis says. It lies in the basin that stretches across the center of the country, about 320 kilometers north of Yangon. Its name, Nay Pyi Taw in Burmese, means 'abode of kings'.

At the 2024 census, 358,679 people lived in Naypyidaw together with the older towns of Pyinmana and Lewe. Ten years earlier, at the 2014 census, the same area had 333,506 people.

Myanmar Department of Population (via City Population): Naypyitaw including Pyinmana and Lewe 73,211 (census 1983, before the new city), 333,506 (census 29 March 2014), 358,679 (census 30 September 2024), third among Myanmar's cities in 2024 after Yangon and Mandalay. City Population warns that the reliability of the 2024 national figures is limited, because a large share of the country's population was estimated rather than counted.

Universalis: Naypyidaw (Burmese Nay Pyi Taw, 'abode of kings') lies in the basin of central Myanmar, in the south of the Mandalay division, and was built in the early 2000s as the country's new administrative center.

Country
Myanmar (capital since March 2006)
People in Naypyidaw with Pyinmana and Lewe (census, 30 September 2024)
358,679
Same area, census 29 March 2014
333,506
Distance from Yangon
about 320 km to the north
The Water Fountain Garden, Naypyidaw
Photo: Hybernator, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

The Water Fountain Garden gate

Look at the tall, pointed arches! This is the gate to a garden with fountains.

The walls are blue and gold. Street lamps line the road.

This photo shows the entrance to the Water Fountain Garden, a park in Naypyidaw, on 5 December 2011. Three tall, pointed gray arches stand over the gate, the middle one much taller than the others. Below them, the gate walls are painted blue and gold, with the garden's name in English on the left and Burmese writing on the right.

A wide paved square lies in front, and a road lined with street lamps leads through the gate. Wikidata dates the garden from 2008.

Commons: 'Naypyidaw -- Water Fountain Garden', 5 December 2011, own work by the uploader Hybernator, CC BY-SA 3.0; description 'The Water Fountain Garden, Naypyidaw'.

In the picture: three pointed arches clad in gray panels, the central one far taller; gate walls with gold diamond patterns on blue, the name 'Naypyidaw Water Fountain Garden' in English on the left panel and Burmese text on the right; red-and-white curbs, a broad paved forecourt and a lamp-lined road through the central arch. Wikidata (inception, P571): the garden 2008; Naypyidaw Zoological Gardens 27 March 2008, about 19 km NE; Naypyidaw Safari Park 12 February 2011, about 19 km NE.

Photo
the Water Fountain Garden, Naypyidaw, 5 December 2011
Naypyidaw Water Fountain Garden
a park in Naypyidaw, dating from 2008 (Wikidata)
Naypyidaw Zoological Gardens
a zoo about 19 km northeast of the garden, dating from 2008 (Wikidata)
The Water Fountain Garden, Naypyidaw
Photo: Hybernator, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

A capital built from scratch

Most cities grow slowly over hundreds of years. Naypyidaw was built all at once!

Builders started in 2004. In 2006 it became the capital.

Naypyidaw was built on purpose to be Myanmar's new center of government, Universalis says. Building work began in 2004 on an isolated site near the town of Pyinmana. Before that, Yangon was the capital.

Government offices began moving in 2005, first to Pyinmana, and Naypyidaw was proclaimed the capital in March 2006. At first the city had mostly government buildings, hotels, apartment blocks and an airport. Many government workers came, while their families often stayed in Yangon.

Universalis: Naypyidaw was built in the early 2000s to become the country's new administrative center. Construction began in 2004 on an isolated site near Pyinmana, about 320 km north of Yangon, then the capital. The administration began to move in 2005, first to Pyinmana and then to Naypyidaw, which was proclaimed the capital in March 2006.

The new city at first held only administrative buildings, luxury hotels, apartment buildings and an airport, and was home mainly to civil servants, whose families often stayed in Yangon because the new capital lacked shops, restaurants and other services.

Building work began
2004, on an isolated site near Pyinmana
Government offices began to move
2005, first to Pyinmana
Proclaimed the capital
March 2006
The Water Fountain Garden, Naypyidaw
Photo: Hybernator, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Through the years

Roads, a railway station and an airport

You can come to Naypyidaw by road or by train. The trains stop in Pyinmana, a town nearby.

Naypyidaw is linked to Yangon by road and by railway, Universalis says. Trains use the station of Pyinmana, an older town about 9 kilometers east of the Water Fountain Garden, Wikidata shows.

Nay Pyi Taw International Airport lies about 16 kilometers south-southeast of the garden. Universalis also notes something unusual for Myanmar: the new city was given an electricity network that works without breaks.

Universalis: the city is linked to Yangon by road and by railway, thanks to the nearby Pyinmana station; despite its few facilities, it was given an uninterrupted electricity network, an exception in the country.

Wikidata (from the Water Fountain Garden, Q6983180): Pyinmana Railway Station 8.80 km E; Pyinmana 8.84 km E; Nay Pyi Taw International Airport (elevation 90 m) 16.33 km SSE; Naypyidaw Zoological Gardens 18.97 km NE; Naypyidaw Safari Park 19.44 km NE.

To Yangon
by road, and by rail through the nearby Pyinmana station
Pyinmana Railway Station
about 9 km east of the Water Fountain Garden (Wikidata)
Nay Pyi Taw International Airport
about 16 km south-southeast of the Water Fountain Garden, 90 m above sea level (Wikidata)

Hot, then very wet

In April, Naypyidaw is very hot. Then the rains come, from May to October.

From December to March, it is dry.

The World Meteorological Organization's normals for Naypyitaw (1981–2010) show hot, dry months before a long rainy season. April is the hottest month, with average daily highs of 37.6 °C. January is the coolest, with average daily lows of 14.1 °C.

About 1,190 millimeters of rain fall in a year, almost all from May to October. August is the wettest month, with about 257 millimeters, while January gets only about 2.

WMO World Weather Information Service, Naypyitaw (19.77° N, 96.18° E), normals 1981–2010: mean daily maximum from 29.9 °C (December) to 37.6 °C (April); mean daily minimum from 14.1 °C (January) to 24.5 °C (May). Rainfall sums to 1,188.8 mm; May to October bring 1,100.6 mm, with August the wettest month (256.5 mm) and January the driest (2.1 mm). The table gives no usable rain-day counts.

Neighboring WWIS stations differ as expected: Taungoo, to the south, gets 1,964.9 mm and Meiktila, to the north, 812.9 mm in a year.

Hottest month, average daily high (WMO, 1981–2010)
37.6 °C (April)
Coolest month, average daily low (same normals)
14.1 °C (January)
Rain in a year (sum of the monthly normals)
about 1,190 mm

Parks, a zoo and wide roads

Naypyidaw has a garden with fountains. It also has a zoo and a safari park!

Families can visit the animals there.

Naypyidaw has a park with fountains, the Water Fountain Garden, as well as a zoo, the Naypyidaw Zoological Gardens, and a wildlife park, the Naypyidaw Safari Park. Wikidata places the zoo and the safari park side by side, about 19 kilometers northeast of the garden.

In its first years, Universalis says, the new capital had few shops, restaurants and other services, which is why many families of government workers stayed in Yangon.

Wikidata: Naypyidaw Water Fountain Garden (Q6983180), a park in Naypyidaw, inception 2008; Naypyidaw Zoological Gardens (Q862533), a zoo, inception 27 March 2008; Naypyidaw Safari Park (Q861893), a wildlife park, inception 12 February 2011. The zoo and the safari park lie about 0.9 km apart.

Universalis: at first the city held only administrative buildings, luxury hotels, apartment buildings and an airport; civil servants' families often stayed in Yangon because the new capital lacked shops, restaurants and other services.

Water Fountain Garden
park (Wikidata)
Naypyidaw Zoological Gardens
zoo (Wikidata)
Naypyidaw Safari Park
wildlife park (Wikidata)
The Water Fountain Garden, Naypyidaw
Photo: Hybernator, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Naypyidaw on the map

Find Myanmar on the globe, in Southeast Asia. Naypyidaw is right in the middle of the country.

Naypyidaw lies at about 19.8° north, in the basin across the middle of Myanmar, about 320 kilometers north of Yangon.

Measured from the Water Fountain Garden, the older town of Pyinmana is about 9 kilometers east, the airport about 16 kilometers south-southeast, and the zoo about 19 kilometers northeast.

Naypyidaw lies at about 19.77° N and 96.12° E (Natural Earth point, 2.5 km NNW of the Water Fountain Garden). From the garden (Wikidata points): the city's Wikidata point 0.90 km W, Pyinmana 8.84 km E, Nay Pyi Taw International Airport 16.33 km SSE, Naypyidaw Zoological Gardens 18.97 km NE.

Universalis: in the basin that stretches across the center of Myanmar, in the south of the Mandalay division, about 320 km north of Yangon.

Latitude
about 19.8° north
Longitude
about 96.1° east
Setting
in the central basin of Myanmar, south of the Mandalay division

Amazing facts

  • Naypyidaw's name means 'home of kings'.

    In Burmese, Nay Pyi Taw means 'abode of kings', Universalis says.

    Universalis: Naypyidaw (in Burmese Nay Pyi Taw, 'abode of kings').

  • Naypyidaw went from building site to capital in just two years!

    Building work on Naypyidaw began in 2004, and the city was proclaimed Myanmar's capital in March 2006, Universalis says.

    Universalis: construction began in 2004 on an isolated site near Pyinmana; the administration moved from 2005, and Naypyidaw was proclaimed the capital in March 2006.

  • The electricity in Naypyidaw was built to stay on all the time.

    Naypyidaw was given an electricity network that works without breaks, which Universalis calls an exception in Myanmar.

    Universalis: despite its sparse facilities, the new city was given an uninterrupted electricity network, an exception in the country.

  • Naypyidaw has a zoo and a safari park, next to each other.

    Naypyidaw Zoological Gardens and Naypyidaw Safari Park lie side by side, about 19 kilometers northeast of the Water Fountain Garden, Wikidata shows.

    Wikidata: Naypyidaw Zoological Gardens (inception 27 March 2008) and Naypyidaw Safari Park (inception 12 February 2011), about 0.9 km apart.

Words to know

capital
the city where a country's government works
planned city
a city designed and built on purpose, instead of growing slowly
administrative center
a place where government offices do their work
basin
a wide, low area of land with higher land around it
census
an official count of all the people in a country
rainy season
the part of the year when most of the rain falls

Discovery challenge

  1. Naypyidaw is the capital of which country?

    Naypyidaw was proclaimed the capital of which country in 2006?

    Since March 2006, Naypyidaw has been the capital of which country?

    • Myanmar
    • Chile
    • Canada
    Show the answer

    Myanmar

    Myanmar!

    Myanmar.

    Myanmar.

  2. When did builders start making Naypyidaw?

    In which year did building work on Naypyidaw begin?

    Universalis says construction began on the isolated site near Pyinmana in which year?

    • 2004
    • 1904
    • 1604
    Show the answer

    2004

    2004, not long ago!

    2004.

    2004.

  3. What does the name Nay Pyi Taw mean?

    What does Nay Pyi Taw mean in Burmese?

    Universalis translates the Burmese name Nay Pyi Taw as what?

    • Abode of kings
    • Land of rivers
    • Green hill
    Show the answer

    Abode of kings

    Home of kings!

    Abode of kings.

    'Abode of kings'.

  4. Which nearby town has the train station?

    Trains to Naypyidaw use the station of which nearby town?

    Universalis says the rail link to Yangon runs through the station of which neighboring town?

    • Pyinmana
    • Mandalay
    • Yangon
    Show the answer

    Pyinmana

    Pyinmana!

    Pyinmana.

    Pyinmana.

  5. Which month is the hottest in Naypyidaw?

    In the WMO normals, which month has Naypyidaw's highest average daily high?

    WMO normals (1981–2010): in which month does the mean daily maximum reach 37.6 °C?

    • April
    • August
    • December
    Show the answer

    April

    April!

    April.

    April (37.6 °C).

Nearby places

Explore next

For parents & teachers

What children will learn

  • Locate Naypyidaw in the center of Myanmar.
  • Explain what a planned capital is and how it differs from a city that grew slowly.
  • Put the steps of building a new capital in order, from 2004 to 2006.
  • Read a climate table and find the hot season and the rainy season.

Recommended ages: 3 to 17 · About 15 minutes

Talk about it

  • What would a city need before people could move there to live and work?
  • Why might families stay behind when a city has few shops and services?
  • Naypyidaw is very hot in April and very wet in August. How might people get ready for each season?

Try at home or in class

  • Plan a city: draw a map of a new town with offices, homes, a park, a station and roads.
  • Rain chart: plot the twelve monthly rain totals and color the rainy months.
  • Timeline strip: mark 2004, 2005 and 2006 on a paper strip and write what happened in each year.

Key vocabulary: capital, planned city, administrative center, basin, census, rainy season

Where these facts come from

  1. Wikidata , Wikimedia Foundation (CC0 1.0)
  2. Natural Earth vector data , Natural Earth (NACIS) (Public domain)
  3. Naypyidaw , Encyclopaedia Universalis
  4. Myanmar: Regions, States, Cities and Towns , City Population (Thomas Brinkhoff), from the Myanmar Department of Population
  5. Naypyitaw: climatological information , World Meteorological Organization, World Weather Information Service
  6. File:Naypyidaw -- Water Fountain Garden.JPG (Hybernator, 5 December 2011) , Wikimedia Commons
  7. Wikimedia Commons , Wikimedia Foundation (Per file (public domain, CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA); see each media record)

Checked, not yet human-reviewed. Last updated November 1, 2026. Spotted a mistake? Tell us.

Picture credits
  • Photo: Hybernator, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons · source · license